Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)

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Pros and Cons

Comparison of Analytical Techniques:

2 Caption: List of elements that can be tested by ICP-OES

Advantages:

• Extremely low detection limits
• Isotopic analysis capabilities
• Fast multi-element analysis
• Minimal sample volume required
• High automation and precision

Limitations:

• Higher instrument and maintenance cost
• Requires cleanroom-like handling
• Spectral interferences need correction
• Operation requires skilled personnel

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Example results

Sample Preparation and Important Notes

ICP-OES / ICP-MS analysis requires careful sample handling to ensure reliable results and protect instrument integrity. Please read the following sample submission guidelines before testing.

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1. General Recommendations

• Elements such as Br and I are best analyzed using ICP-MS, which provides more accurate results compared to other techniques.
• For samples containing elements with widely different concentrations, it is recommended to prepare separate solutions:
  • Use ICP-OES for elements in the ppm range
  • Use ICP-MS for elements in the ppb range
    Alternatively, send the original solution, and the laboratory will perform separate dilutions as needed. Orders can be grouped by concentration levels.

⚠️ Note: Elements such as Ru, Rh, As, Ag, U, P, S, Si may be difficult to digest or may generate weak signals. Quantitative accuracy cannot be guaranteed. However, ICP still offers relatively accurate estimates compared to other methods. Please evaluate the associated risks before proceeding with analysis.

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2. Requirements for Pre-treated Liquid Samples

• a. Clarity and stability: Provide a transparent, clear, and stable solution without visible precipitates.

  • For colored solutions, confirm whether it is a true ionic solution. If uncertain, re-digest with acid to prevent damage to the instrument.
  • Submit 5–10 mL of solution. Samples should be slightly acidic to neutral, with total acid concentration below 5%.
  • HF-digested samples must not be tested directly. Fluoride ions must be removed (e.g., by evaporation), and digested solutions should still be diluted.

• b. Organic solvents or carbon-containing liquids must not be submitted directly. Digest with nitric acid until carbon is completely removed.

• c. Particulate-free: Solutions must be free of any undissolved solids or organic residues.

  • Pass samples through a 0.45 μm membrane filter.
  • Ensure containers are sealed tightly and wrapped in parafilm to prevent leakage.

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3. Requirements for Untreated Liquid Samples

• a. Standard water samples (e.g., those requiring GB compliance) should be ≥ 50 mL.
• b. Other or self-formulated liquid samples should be ≥ 10 mL. Clearly indicate sample composition to aid digestion protocol selection.
• c. Seal sample bottles and wrap them with parafilm.

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4. Requirements for Untreated Solid Samples

• a. Powder samples: Provide at least 100 mg, finely ground. If possible, sieve through 200 mesh.

  • For microwave digestion, at least 200 mg is required.

• b. Trace amounts of solid samples should be wrapped in weighing paper and placed in a secure labeled tube.

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5. Recovery Policy

ICP analysis is a destructive method. Material introduced into the instrument cannot be returned. Only unused portions of the sample (if available) can be recovered.

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6. Special Situations

For limited sample quantities or special element testing, please consult your local project manager or contact our technical support team before submission.